3 101 X The Chaldeans occupied the land of southern Babylonia at the head of the Persian Gulf. They were constantly in conflict with the Assyrians from 884 BC onwards, and it was the Chaldean king of Babylon, Nabopolassar, who (along with the Medes) brought an end to the Assyrian Empire in 612 BC.
#Chaldeans
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# CM Nineveh
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# CM Nimrud
6 101 x Arbil, located in northern Iraq, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited towns in the world. Arbil is mentioned in the 21st century BC correspondence of Shulgi, king of Ur, and it was an important centre of communications in the Assyrian Empire because it stood on the cross-roads of several trade routes.
#Arbil, Arbil
7 101 X Ashur was the ancient religious capital of Assyria, named after the city's god. It was not strategically placed, but its religious sanctity ensured its survival until the fall of the Assyrian Empire in 612 BC. Many temples and three palaces were located in the inner city, protected by encircling walls. Quays were erected alongside the river Tigris.
#Ashur
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#The Rise and Fall of the Assyrian Empire
9 101 X Carchemish in Syria was located on a crossing of the river Euphrates. It therefore controlled caravans involved in Mesopotamian, Anatolian, and Syrian trade. This important city was strongly defended and was not captured by the Assyrians until 717 BC when it fell to King Sargon II.
#Carchemish
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# CM Khorsabad
11 101 X Damascus is an ancient city in Syria that has been continuously inhabited since before 3000 BC. It was the capital city of the Aramaeans and fell to the Assyrians in the 7th century BC.
#Damascus
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#IW Balawat Gates
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#IW Assyrian Capitals
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#IW Administration of Empire
15 102 Y The Phoenicians, by virtue of their location, were a great sea-trading nation and for a long time supplied the Assyrians with both timber from their mountains and ships for the Assyrian navy. In the 7th century BC, the Assyrians conquered Tyre and Sidon, two of the principal Phoenician cities.
